How is socialism expressed in 1984?

The oppressive, totalitarian government of 1984 is governed by a set of principles known as "Ingsoc," which means English socialism in the constructed language of the Party, Newspeak. The principles and origin of socialism are intentionally obscured by the Party, but it is common knowledge in Eurasia that a schism within the ideology was the basis of Big Brother's rise to power and Emmanuel Goldstein's exile. The Ingsoc that developed after Goldstein's exile primarily focuses...

The oppressive, totalitarian government of 1984 is governed by a set of principles known as "Ingsoc," which means English socialism in the constructed language of the Party, Newspeak. The principles and origin of socialism are intentionally obscured by the Party, but it is common knowledge in Eurasia that a schism within the ideology was the basis of Big Brother's rise to power and Emmanuel Goldstein's exile. The Ingsoc that developed after Goldstein's exile primarily focuses on how reality is constructed by the Party, as well as the necessity of submission to the Party. On the other hand, Goldstein's book, The Theory and Practice of Oligarchical Collectivism, is a socialist text that warns against authoritarianism. The likely real-life inspiration for this character was Russian socialist Leon Trotsky, whose opposition to Stalin's brutal, totalitarian interpretation of communism resulted in his exile from the USSR. Trotsky and Stalin are both considered socialists, although their methods and ideologies for a communist world differed drastically. Similarly, the Party and Goldstein are both proponents of Ingsoc, but Goldstein's ideology has nothing to do with the totalitarianism of the Party.

Goldstein, in his book, argues that the Party "rejects and villifies every principle for which the Socialist movement originally stood, and it does so in the name of Socialism." Orwell's intention in calling the politics of the party "socialism" was likely in response to the supposed communism of the USSR, a state characterized by violent repression, in stark contrast to the non-hierarchical collectivist worker's state proposed by pre-revolutionary Russian socialists.