Tuesday 30 June 2015

What effect does the anonymity have on the people who receive Miss Strangeworth's letters?

Miss Strangeworth's anonymous letters seem intended to create the impression in the recipients' minds that the matter is common knowledge and that one member of the community has decided to take the initiative in bringing it to the recipients' attention out of kindness. A good example of such a letter is the one she sends to Mrs.Harper.


After thinking for a minute, she decided that she would like to write another letter, perhaps to go to Mrs. Harper, to follow up the ones she had already mailed. She selected a green sheet this time and wrote quickly: Have you found out yet what they were all laughing about after you left the bridge club on Thursday? Or is the wife really the last one to know?



This letter suggests that Mrs. Harper's husband is having an adulterous relationship with some woman in the community. It is ingenious because it can make Mrs. Harper suspicious of her husband and also of many women, including her own friends, who might be involved with him. The above extract shows that Miss Strangeworth is probably sending multiple letters to the same individual or to the same household. This could enhance the fears and suspicions, because the recipients would be living in dread of receiving future letters containing more bad news.


Miss Strangeworth does not think she is tormenting people but warning them of the possibility of evil in their lives. However, she is probably secretly enjoying being able to create painful feelings while remaining completely anonymous and invisible. In other words, she is concerned about evil in other people but is evil herself. The theme of the story might be found in a familiar passage from the New Testament.



3 And why beholdest thou the mote that is in thy brother's eye, but considerest not the beam that is in thine own eye?


4 Or how wilt thou say to thy brother, Let me pull out the mote out of thine eye; and, behold, a beam is in thine own eye?


5 Thou hypocrite, first cast out the beam out of thine own eye; and then shalt thou see clearly to cast out the mote out of thy brother's eye.



                                                   Matthew 7:3-5 (King James Version)


Judging from the violent retribution teken by Don Crane in destroying all of Miss Strangeworth's prize roses, she has sent either him or his wife more than one letter. They may have made him and his young wife feel anxious before, but when he receives another one and accidentally finds out who wrote it, he becomes enraged. That is why Miss Strangeworth's letters have to be anonymous. Everybody thinks she is a nice, sweet old lady, but they would all hate her if they knew what she was doing.


The effect of Miss Strangeworth's letters is that they come from a public-spirited person speaking for the community as a whole about subjects well known to the community. This has a ring of truth because Miss Strangeworth thinks of herself as representing her community for the dommunity's best interests.

Explain how the economic prosperity of the 1920's was not truly built on a strong foundation using the key warning signs leading up to the Depression?

The prosperity of the 1920s was established, but to some degree, that prosperity was built on a foundation that wasn’t very solid. One of the issues that eventually brought down the economy is that too many people bought stocks without really investigating the true value of the companies in which they were investing. Many people had the attitude that they should buy any stock because the prices will keep rising because of the economic policies of the government. If the people had researched the companies in which they were investing more carefully, they would have realized the companies were overvalued.

Another aspect related to the stock market is that people continued to buy stocks even though they didn’t have the money to do so. They bought on margin, paying only ten percent of the actual costs and paying the balance on the installment plan. Thus, people willingly went into debt with some people investing their life savings in the stock market. At some point in time, a couple of crippling factors were going to kick into effect. Eventually, there would be too few new investors entering the market. During the 1920s, there were a lot of new investors. By the end of the 1920s, there weren’t many new investors coming into the market. This would eventually cause demand for stocks to drop along with their price. If the brokers were to call in their debts, most investors would have no choice but to sell their stocks in order to satisfy the margin calls. This would lead to many stocks being made available for sale, but few new buyers for the stock. This would lead to a significant drop in stock prices. This is where many people lost everything they had. Once the prices plummeted, what people believed to be their fortunes turned into nothing at all.


A third factor leading to the Great Depression was that banks invested their assets, including customers’ deposits, into the market. When the market collapsed, the banks didn’t have the cash to meet consumer demand. As a result, the banks failed, and more people lost their life savings.


Finally, poor decision-making by the Federal Reserve Board helped to create this allusion of a strong economy built on a solid foundation. The Federal Reserve Board should have acted to slow investment by raising interest rates in the 1920s. Instead, they kept them low, encouraging more investment. In the 1930s, the Federal Reserve Board should have lowered interest rates in order stimulate the economy. Instead, they raised them, causing the economy to slow down even more. The foundation of the economic prosperity of the 1920s wasn’t as strong as people believed.

Describe four character traits of Darry using details from the The Outsiders

Hard-working: Darry was forced to make several significant sacrifices in order to keep his family together after the death of his parents. Darry did not accept an athletic scholarship to go to college, and instead decided to work two jobs to pay the bills. In Chapter 3, Ponyboys says,


"Sodapop... a dropout so he could get a job and keep me in school, and Darry, getting old before his time trying to run a family and hold on to two jobs and never having any fun---" (Hinton 38).



Serious: Darry is a rather serious individual who doesn't joke around much. Ponyboy initially views his older brother with contempt whenever he compares Darry to his happy-go-lucky brother, Sodapop. Darry has experienced several tragic events throughout his life and has a lot of responsibility. In Chapter 1, Ponyboy talks about his brothers, and says,



"Like he's never hollering at me all the time the way Darry is, or treating me as if I was six instead of fourteen. I love Soda more than I've ever loved anyone, even Mom and Dad. He's always happy-go-lucky and grinning, while Darry's hard and firm and rarely grins at all" (Hinton 3).



Masculine: Darry is the biggest and strongest member of the Greasers. There are several scenes in which Ponyboy comments on Darry's huge muscles and physique. In Chapter 7, Ponyboy says,



"We all call Darry "Superman" or "Muscles" at one time or another; but one time Steve made the mistake of referring to him as "all brawn and no brain," and Darry almost shattered Steve's jaw. Steve didn't call him that again, but Darry never forgave him" (Hinton 92).



Concerned: Darry is a concerned brother who is always looking out for Ponyboy. Sometimes, Darry can come off as overbearing, but he is always pushing Ponyboy to excel at school. In Chapter 12, Darry tells Ponyboy,



"You're not going to drop out. Listen, with your brains and grades you could get a scholarship, and we could put you through college. But schoolwork's not the point. You're living in a vacuum, Pony, and you're going to have to cut it out" (Hinton 148).


Why does Matt hardly recognize Attean when he comes back to the cabin in "The Sign of the Beaver"?

There are two instances in The Sign of the Beaver when Matt is startled by Attean's very different appearance. One was a happy moment and the change was mostly physical. The other was not a particularly happy moment for Matt and the change had more to do with Attean's demeanor.


In the first instance, Attean returned to Matt's cabin after the two had killed a bear. Matt sat in the doorway of the cabin and...

There are two instances in The Sign of the Beaver when Matt is startled by Attean's very different appearance. One was a happy moment and the change was mostly physical. The other was not a particularly happy moment for Matt and the change had more to do with Attean's demeanor.


In the first instance, Attean returned to Matt's cabin after the two had killed a bear. Matt sat in the doorway of the cabin and was startled by what he thought was a stranger emerging from the woods. The stranger ended up being Attean with his face brightly painted in preparation for a feast he invited Matt to attend.


The other instance occurred later in the story when Attean and Saknis came to visit Matt at the cabin. Matt knew that Attean had been in the wilderness for the Indian ritual of finding his manitou and becoming a man. When he arrived with Saknis, Matt saw a completely changed, serious Attean whose hair, clothing and demeanor were now very different. His appearance and stance were identical to those of Saknis. Attean had become a man.

Monday 29 June 2015

What are interactions like between Holling and Doug Swieteck's brother in Gary Schmidt's The Wednesday Wars?

Throughout The Wednesday Wars, though Doug Swieteck's brother is described as a juvenile delinquent bully, Holling emerges triumphantly in all of his interactions with Doug's brother.The first time Holling emerges triumphantly is when he has to face Doug Swieteck's brother in a soccer game at recess in the opening chapter of the book. The brother is playing forward against Holling, who must play defense. When he sees Doug Swieteck's brother charging him with...

Throughout The Wednesday Wars, though Doug Swieteck's brother is described as a juvenile delinquent bully, Holling emerges triumphantly in all of his interactions with Doug's brother.

The first time Holling emerges triumphantly is when he has to face Doug Swieteck's brother in a soccer game at recess in the opening chapter of the book. The brother is playing forward against Holling, who must play defense. When he sees Doug Swieteck's brother charging him with the ball, Holling first tries to stand his ground, but then flees. He says he leaves his "right foot behind," though. Doug's brother trips over Holling's foot and flies like a missile through the air, crashing into the metal frame of the goal post. Everyone congratulates Holling for taking out Doug Swieteck's brother, even though Holling didn't trip him on purpose.

Another time Holling emerges triumphantly is when Doug Swieteck's brother tries to humiliate Holling by plastering the town's schools with the picture from the front page of the newspaper depicting Holling playing Ariel in The Tempest, dressed in his costume of bright yellow tights decorated with feathers on the backside. Within the same couple of days that the brother goes around taping the picture up all over the town's schools, Holling is also photographed being injured while rescuing his sister from a bus sliding out of control on the icy road. This picture is also featured on the front page of the newspaper, and Holling arrives at school the next day to find someone replaced all his humiliating pictures with his new heroic picture, making Holling triumphant over Doug Swieteck's brother once again.

Sunday 28 June 2015

What are some of Andrew Jackson's legacies?

Andrew Jackson has several legacies. He is known for his big victory over the British in 1815 in the Battle of New Orleans in the War of 1812. Even though the war had already ended, news traveled slowly back then so nobody in the area knew the war with Great Britain was already over.


Andrew Jackson is also known for implementing the spoils system. This system allows a victorious candidate to give his political supporters...

Andrew Jackson has several legacies. He is known for his big victory over the British in 1815 in the Battle of New Orleans in the War of 1812. Even though the war had already ended, news traveled slowly back then so nobody in the area knew the war with Great Britain was already over.


Andrew Jackson is also known for implementing the spoils system. This system allows a victorious candidate to give his political supporters government jobs. Andrew Jackson used this system to break the hold the upper class had on government jobs.


Andrew Jackson is also known for his harsh treatment of the Native Americans. He believed the Native Americans were holding back American progress and wanted them moved to the land west of the Mississippi River. As a result, the Native Americans were forced to relocate. This forced movement was called the Trail of Tears. Many Native Americans died as a result of this forced relocation. This disrupted their way of life significantly. Andrew Jackson even defied a Supreme Court order that allowed the Cherokee tribe to remain in Georgia. Andrew Jackson really disliked the Native Americans.


Andrew Jackson is known for many things in his life. Some are positive while some are negative.

Who is a pagan? |

A pagan is a person who practices one of the many traditions of paganism, or pagan religions. The terms "pagan" and "paganism" have long held a pejorative connotation. In fact, the terms developed as a way to describe and alienate people who were not a part of the Abrahamic faiths in the period of late antiquity. With Judaism, Christianity, and Islam as the major religious and political forces of European history, anyone who was not...

A pagan is a person who practices one of the many traditions of paganism, or pagan religions. The terms "pagan" and "paganism" have long held a pejorative connotation. In fact, the terms developed as a way to describe and alienate people who were not a part of the Abrahamic faiths in the period of late antiquity. With Judaism, Christianity, and Islam as the major religious and political forces of European history, anyone who was not a part of one of these major faiths was typically excluded and often ridiculed. Of course, the distinction between pagan and non-pagan is a little muddy when we consider the wealth of folk and regional traditions that have been practiced around the world in co-existence with orthodox Abrahamic traditions. For example, at Christmas time, many people bring a pine tree into their home and decorate it. This practice is rather new for Christians and was first practiced by non-Abrahamic, pagan individuals in Northern Europe as a celebration of the Winter Solstice.


Today, many people who practice Earth-based religions seek to reclaim the term pagan not as a slur or word of oppression, but as a descriptor for religious practice which is not drawn from the Abrahamic traditions. The term neo-paganism describes the movement to reconstruct the religious roots of cultures which have a long history of Christianity, Judaism, or Islam as the dominant faith. Neo-pagans are interested in what religious traditions would have existed prior to the Abrahamic faiths and seek to reconstruct and preserve these traditions.


In sum, a pagan has historically been any person who did not belong to one of the monotheistic faiths, but today it may also refer to any person who practices an Earth-revering folk tradition. 

What perspective is "A Retrieved Reformation" written in?

"A Retrieved Reformation" is written from the perspective of a third-person omniscient narrator who is telling about an event that occurred in the past and who confines himself almost entirely to a single character's point of view (POV), the point of view of Jimmy Valentine. Nearly everything that happens is observed by Jimmy, or else he is present on the scene and could be assumed to observe it. There is only one brief deviation from Jimmy's point of view. This can be seen when Ben Price gets involved in the investigation of the three bank jobs Jimmy pulled almost immediately after he got released from prison for the "Springfield job."


Ben Price investigated the scenes of the robberies, and was heard to remark: “That's Dandy Jim Valentine's autograph. He's resumed business. Look at that combination knob—jerked out as easy as pulling up a radish in wet weather. He's got the only clamps that can do it. And look how clean those tumblers were punched out! Jimmy never has to drill but one hole. Yes, I guess I want Mr. Valentine. He'll do his bit next time without any short-time or clemency foolishness.”



The omniscient narrator is still present, but Jimmy Valentine is far away. Nevertheless, it should be noted that Ben Price's point of view is everything about Jimmy Valentine. Jimmy's presence is still felt.


A fiction writer establishes reader identification with a leading character by telling everything from that character's point of view. Point of view and motivation are essential to maintaining reader interest. The reader begins by identifying with Jimmy because he is good-looking, smart, successful, and likeable. Everybody likes Jimmy. Then when Jimmy falls in love and decides to go straight, the reader identifies with him more strongly because of his motivation. We want to see him get married and succeed in building a completely new life in this new town. It is not easy to identify with a criminal. That is the unusual aspect of O. Henry's story--making a hero of a criminal. It is much easier to identify with Jimmy after to falls in love and tries to reform. 


O. Henry tells many of his stories as the omniscient third-person narrator with the focus on one specific character's point of view. This is the technique he uses, for example, in "The Last Leaf," in "The Cop and the Anthem," and in "The Gift of the Magi." In these three stories we are in the points of view of Sue, Soapy, and Della, respectively. O. Henry apparently liked this approach to storytelling because it left him free, as the omniscient narrator, to make any observations or comments he wanted. He can be a very objective narrator or a very intrusive narrator. When a story is told in the past tense by an omniscient narrator, the reader can and will assume that there is a "point" to the story, that the narrator knows what that point is, and that he will reveal the point of the story when he gets to the end. 

Saturday 27 June 2015

What is the narrative point of view in "The Possibility of Evil"?

The story is told by an anonymous, omniscient narrator and almost entirely from the point of view of the protagonist Miss Strangeworth. This is established at the very beginning.


Miss Adela Strangeworth stepped daintily along Main Street on her way to the grocery. The sun was shining, the air was fresh and clear after the night’s heavy rain, and everything in Miss Strangeworth’s little town looked washed and bright. Miss Strangeworth took deep breaths, and thought that there was nothing in the world like a fragrant summer day.



The quoted paragraph tells what Miss Strangeworth does, sees, thinks and feels. Although the reader is in her point of view throughout most of the story, he still doesn't necessarily understand her. She is obviously more than a little bit crazy. This is brought out clearly when she writes her three anonymous letters. She observes that many of the people in her little town seem "troubled" lately, but she cannot understand that there could be any connection between these troubles and her letters. She doesn't understand her own motives. She thinks she is doing her civic duty as the town's leading citizen by warning others of "the possibility of evil."


The only departure from Miss Strangeworth's point of view occurs when she accidently drops one of her poison-pen letters in front of the post office. Normally it is important for an author to remain in a character's point of view because that is how the reader "gets into the story." If it should be necessary to switch to a second character's point of view, then the author has to reestablish reader identification with that character and should remain in his or her point of view. When Miss Strangeworth drops the letter in the pink envelope intended for Don Crane, young Dave Harris picks it up, and the reader is temporarily in his point of view. Miss Strangeworth has departed from the scene. This switching to Dave Harris's point of view is necessary for plot purposes. It is permissible because it focuses entirely on Miss Strangeworth and her letter. It is noteworthy that although Dave Harris delivers the letter to the addressee, the reader is never placed in Don Crane's point of view, although we can well imagine how Don feels when told by Dave and Linda that Miss Strangeworth dropped it in front of the post office and he reads the contents:



Didn’t you ever see an idiot child before? Some people just shouldn’t have children, should they?



What Don Crane feels, thinks, and does is shown from Miss Strangeworth's point of view.



Her hand did not shake as she opened the envelope and unfolded the sheet of green paper inside. She began to cry silently for the wickedness of the world when she read the words: Look out at what used to be your roses.



Miss Strangeworth does not know who destroyed the rose bushes and sent her the anonymous letter--but we know!

What is the name of Freak's dad?

Although the first name of Kevin’s dad is actually unimportant in the story, the reader can definitely mention a few important things about this pivotal character. First, we can safely assume that Kevin’s dad is named “Mr. Avery.” We can generally assume this because Kevin’s mom is referred to as “Gwen Avery” and Kevin is referred to as “Kevin Avery.” Further, we are also told by Loretta Lee that Kevin’s dad was a “magician.” We...

Although the first name of Kevin’s dad is actually unimportant in the story, the reader can definitely mention a few important things about this pivotal character. First, we can safely assume that Kevin’s dad is named “Mr. Avery.” We can generally assume this because Kevin’s mom is referred to as “Gwen Avery” and Kevin is referred to as “Kevin Avery.” Further, we are also told by Loretta Lee that Kevin’s dad was a “magician.” We learn quickly that this was not a job description. Instead, it is a description of Mr. Avery’s questionable character. “He must be a magician, because as soon as he heard the magic words 'birth defect,' he disappeared.” Mr. Avery is not a strong enough character to be able to handle a son with a birth defect, so he escapes the entire situation by running away and never returning. This is why Kevin’s dad remains unnamed in the book. It is also important to note that Max can be seen as a strong character in opposition to Mr. Avery. Max does not run away. Instead, Max befriends Kevin and eventually wishes to immortalize him.

Friday 26 June 2015

What caused Della to get frustrated in "The Gift of the Magi"?

Although Della sells her hair and Jim sells his watch, the story is really all about Della. Her selling her beautiful hair to buy her husband a Christmas present is what readers will always remember about "The Gift of the Magi." The author remains steadfastly in Della's point of view. Even when Jim sees his wife with nothing left of her hair but pathetic little spit-curls, his reaction is not described from his subjective point of view but from Della's impression of his reaction.


Jim stopped inside the door, as immovable as a setter at the scent of quail. His eyes were fixed upon Della, and there was an expression in them that she could not read, and it terrified her. It was not anger, nor surprise, nor disapproval, nor horror, nor any of the sentiments that she had been prepared for. He simply stared at her fixedly with that peculiar expression on his face.



What causes Della to get frustrated, as O. Henry emphasizes at the beginning of the story, is that she had been scrimping and saving all year to buy her husband a Christmas present and, with Christmas only one day away, she had only managed to save $1.87. It is interesting that O. Henry repeats this three times.



One dollar and eighty-seven cents. And the next day would be Christmas.


Tomorrow would be Christmas Day, and she had only $1.87 with which to buy Jim a present. 


Only $1.87 to buy a present for Jim.



O. Henry himself may have been under pressure because of Christmas. He was a notoriously heavy drinker, said to consume two quarts of whiskey a day, and he did a lot of his writing with paper and pencil in saloons. The story sounds a bit padded. He probably had to produce a certain quota of words for the paper that employed him. He may not have reread his production carefully. He may not even have been able to read it over by the time he finished it. Otherwise he should have seen that he was just repeating himself. But, anyway, Della was frustrated because she hadn't been able to save up enough money to buy her husband a really good present.


This problem leads to a desperate solution. Impulsively, she goes to a hair buyer called Madame Sofronie and sells all her beautiful, long hair for twenty dollars. With this small fortune she can buy Jim a truly luxurious platinum watch-fob. But the solution leads to a greater problem. She is afraid her husband will stop loving her when he sees how she looks without her hair. She becomes frustrated again until Jim returns home from work and reassures her that he will always love her, and proves his love by telling her he sold the watch to buy her a set of combs for her vanished hair.


Della's feelings are the most important, because this is really Della's story and not the story of Della and Jim. Jim is a minor character who has only a walk-on appearance at the very end. Della's frustration will lead to the touching ending.

How many radioactive elements are found in nature?

Thirty-nine radioactive elements have been identified by scientists, but there may be others not yet discovered. Some of the elements below are suspected to be radioactive but are very rare and therefore hard to study. Radioactivity was first noticed in 1895 by Wilhelm Roentgen, but he mistook the fluorescence he observed as a form of X-rays. The discovery of radioactivity is attributed to Antoine Becquerel, who identified and described the differences between radioactivity and X-rays....

Thirty-nine radioactive elements have been identified by scientists, but there may be others not yet discovered. Some of the elements below are suspected to be radioactive but are very rare and therefore hard to study. Radioactivity was first noticed in 1895 by Wilhelm Roentgen, but he mistook the fluorescence he observed as a form of X-rays. The discovery of radioactivity is attributed to Antoine Becquerel, who identified and described the differences between radioactivity and X-rays. Pierre and Marie Curie are the scientists most famous for their work on radioactivity. Marie coined the term "radioactivity" and discovered two of the twenty-nine radioactive elements. She and her husband did many experiments to uncover how radioactivity functioned.


Most radioactive elements are Rare Earth Metals, though others are Transition Metals, Alkali Metals, Metalloids, Halogens, and Noble Gases. The identified radioactive elements, alphabetically, are: 


  • Actinium (Ac)

  • Americium (Am)

  • Astatine (At)

  • Berkelium (Bk)

  • Bohrium (Bh)

  • Californium (Cf)

  • Copernicium (Cn)

  • Curium (Cm)

  • Darmstadtium (Ds)

  • Dubnium (Db)

  • Einsteinium (Es)

  • Fermium (Fm)

  • Flerovium (Fl)

  • Francium (Fr)

  • Hassium (Hs)

  • Lawrencium (Lr)

  • Livermorium (Lv)

  • Meitnerium (Mt)

  • Mendelevium (Md)

  • Neptunium (Np)

  • Nobelium (No)

  • Plutonium (Pu)

  • Polonium (Po)

  • Promethium (Pm)

  • Protactinium (Pa)

  • Radium (Ra)

  • Radon (Rn)

  • Roentgenium (Rg)

  • Ruthorfordium (Rt)

  • Seaborgium (Sg)

  • Technetium (Tc)

  • Thorium (Th)

  • Ununhexium (Uuh)

  • Ununoctium (Uuo)

  • Ununpentium (Uup)

  • Ununseptium (Uus)

  • Ununtrium (Uut)

  • Ununquadium (Uuq)

  • Uranium (U)

What conflicts are in Gary Schmidt's The Wednesday Wars?

The central conflict in Gary Schmidt's The Wednesday Warsis an internal conflict within the protagonist Holling Hoodhood. Holling is not brave enough to stand his ground and, as a result, feels hated, bullied, and humiliated at school and neglected by his own father at home. As the story progresses, Holling develops bravery to the point that he can stand up to his father. Additionally, there are many minor external conflicts within the story, especially character...

The central conflict in Gary Schmidt's The Wednesday Wars is an internal conflict within the protagonist Holling Hoodhood. Holling is not brave enough to stand his ground and, as a result, feels hated, bullied, and humiliated at school and neglected by his own father at home. As the story progresses, Holling develops bravery to the point that he can stand up to his father. Additionally, there are many minor external conflicts within the story, especially character vs. character conflicts.

One character vs. character conflict occurs between Holling and Meryl Lee Kowalksi after Holling takes her on their Valentine's Day date. While waiting for Meryl Lee's father to arrive at Woolworth's, Holling and Meryl Lee begin chatting about the designs their fathers are working on for the new junior high school. Their fathers are rivals, but neither Meryl Lee nor Holling see any danger in talking about their fathers' plans. Holling even draws out his father's design to show her, and she keeps his sketch. When Holling accompanies his father at the meeting of the school board to choose the design, Holling is shocked to see Mr. Kowalski present a combination of his own design and Mr. Hoodhood's—a classic exterior with a very modern interior:



No pillars, no straight walls. The roof a series of glass plates above the science and art rooms ("February").



Holling feels betrayed by Meryl Lee and thinks their date was only a setup for Meryl Lee to steal the design. Meryl Lee explains she showed her father Holling's drawing "because it was so good" and had no idea he would actually steal it. Holling believes her when he sees she has been crying all day and makes amends.

Thursday 25 June 2015

What are some comparisons between "The Yellow Wallpaper" and "Trifles"?

Both Charlotte Perkins Gilman's "The Yellow Wallpaper" and Susan Glaspell's Trifles share the themes of the dangerous nature of repression, the treatment of women, and alienation.

  • Repression and treatment of women

Both the narrator of Gilman's story and Mrs. Wright, formerly Minnie Foster, suffer deeply from repressive acts upon their artistic spirits. For instance, the unnamed narrator has the keen sight of an artist who loves symmetry, and flowers and nature, while Minnie loves music, quilting, and songbirds. But, both women are forced to live under the starkest of conditions that deprive them of human companionship and conversation and all but mere necessities. For instance, the unnamed narrator notes, 



I think sometimes that if I were only well enough to write a little it would relieve the press of ideas and rest me.



In Trifles, in a similar fashionout of her deprivation of human communication, Minnie purchases a canary who sings to her, as she once did herself when she was young and happy.


The repetition of repressive acts against Gilman's narrator and Mrs. Wright clearly break down their spirits and endanger their minds.  In "The Yellow Wallpaper," the narrator feels so repressed and virtually trapped in the room with the "hideous" walls covered with an asymmetrical pattern that she becomes delusional, imagining a woman behinds the "bars" of the wallpaper's lines who struggles to free herself. Eventually, her husband finds her insanely crawling along the floor; she tells him,



"I've got out at last...in spite of you...and I've pulled off most of the paper, so you can't put me back!"



Also damaged mentally by her loneliness and repression by the hard, cold, and cruel Mr. Wright who silences the songs of the pet canary, Mrs. Wright (Minnie) has a mental breakdown and retaliates against her husband in a deadly similar fashion as his killing of the pet bird.


  • Alienation

Having been deprived of human companionship for a prolonged period, especially the company of understanding and friendly women, the two female characters have become isolated from those with whom they could communicate and share in experiences. For them, therefore, life has become haunted; they feel alone and bereft of the significance of friendship, music, and art--those things that nurture the soul.
Starved for the meaning that sharing with another living creature brings, the two women of the narratives under discussion, lose their holds upon reality as a consequence. In Trifles, Mrs. Hale reflects upon this existential condition of alienation:


MRS. HALE: I might have known she needed help! I know how things can be--for women....We all go through the same things--it's all just a different kind of the same thing.


In "The Yellow Wallpaper," the isolated narrator begins to hallucinate, imagining that it is she who, having freed herself, creeps off



away...in the open country,...as fast as a cloud shadow in a high wind.



Clearly, both "The Yellow Wallpaper" and Trifles deal thematically with the great psychological antagonists of repression and alienation along with the feminine reaction to these enemies of the imaginative and sensitive soul, a reaction that is, at the same time, defensive and destructive.

What are examples of suspense in "The Cold Equations" by Tom Godwin?

One way an author creates suspense is by developing a rising action that leaves the reader uncertain of what's to follow. In his short story "The Cold Equations," author Tom Godwin creates suspense in his very first sentence:


He was not alone.


These words conjure up a multitude of hair-raising images in the reader's mind of stalkers and other predators lurking in hidden places. The sentence also immediately creates rising actionbecause the...

One way an author creates suspense is by developing a rising action that leaves the reader uncertain of what's to follow. In his short story "The Cold Equations," author Tom Godwin creates suspense in his very first sentence:



He was not alone.



These words conjure up a multitude of hair-raising images in the reader's mind of stalkers and other predators lurking in hidden places. The sentence also immediately creates rising action because the reader knows that, as the story unfolds, the reader will learn who else is present in the story. But, since the reader is not given any clues prior to this opening sentence as to who the character is and who else is with the character, the rising action also leaves the reader uncertain of upcoming events.

Red herrings are often also used to create suspense. A red herring is an "irrelevant topic" used to distract the audience ("Red Herring," Literary Devices). A red herring is a type of logical fallacy that, when used in an argument, distracts the audience from the real issue. When used in literature, a red herring misleads a reader into drawing a conclusion that differs from the story's true resolution ("Red Herring").

Godwin creates a red herring at the start of the story when, after the narrator explains there is a stowaway on the ship, the narrator also describes Barton as completely accustomed to the sight of a man dying and ready to take a man's life per necessity. The use of the word man in the early paragraphs makes the reader think as Barton thinks, that the stowaway is a grown man who understands the repercussions of his actions. In reality, the stowaway is a young, innocent girl, which creates a new set of problems for the story. By using the word man in the early paragraphs, Godwin creates a red herring to throw the reader off and make the girl's presence more surprising, thereby creating suspense.

What is the importance of carbon and its compounds in food?

To begin with, all the food that we eat, whether it is vegetables, fruits, grains or meat and all the beverages that we drink (such as milk, juices, soda, alcoholic beverages, etc.), are all carbon compounds. That is, organic compounds. The energy that we need to metabolize the food is also a product of metabolism of organic food material (through cellular respiration). The energy required to cook food is mostly available through fossil fuels (whether...

To begin with, all the food that we eat, whether it is vegetables, fruits, grains or meat and all the beverages that we drink (such as milk, juices, soda, alcoholic beverages, etc.), are all carbon compounds. That is, organic compounds. The energy that we need to metabolize the food is also a product of metabolism of organic food material (through cellular respiration). The energy required to cook food is mostly available through fossil fuels (whether directly or indirectly), such as coal, natural gas, etc. The energy required to grow, harvest, store and transport the food material also (mostly) comes from carbon-based fuels, such as coal, petrol, diesel, natural gas, etc. Thus, our food and its generation, consumption, and metabolism cycle is more or less carbon-dependent. 


Hope this helps. 

Wednesday 24 June 2015

What is the separation in "A Christmas Memory" by Truman Capote?

At the end of the story, Buddy and his friend are separated when Buddy's family decides it is best if he goes off to military school.


We discover this was the last Christmas that he and his friend spent together, and after he is gone at school (for an undetermined amount of time), his friend dies. While they are physically separated, the story ends with a beautiful sentence that shows Buddy feels their spirits are...

At the end of the story, Buddy and his friend are separated when Buddy's family decides it is best if he goes off to military school.


We discover this was the last Christmas that he and his friend spent together, and after he is gone at school (for an undetermined amount of time), his friend dies. While they are physically separated, the story ends with a beautiful sentence that shows Buddy feels their spirits are still together:



"As if I expected to see, rather like hearts, a lost pair of kites hurrying toward heave" (Capote).



Their separation was foreshadowed earlier in the story when his friend said that she was worried about him growing up and growing away from her. She was worried he would go away. Ultimately, he does not have a chance to grow up and away from her, as he is sent to military school against his will.


This story was an autobiographical one about Truman Capote's own memories of Christmas with his distant cousin, Sook. He, too, was sent off to military school.

What was the purpose of the Declaration of Independence?

As the name suggests, the purpose of the Declaration of Independence was to announce to the world, to Great Britain, and to the people of the new United States that the former colonies were asserting their right to "assume among the powers of the earth" the status of a free and independent nation. They had several reasons for doing this at the time they did, however. Let us look at a few:


  • They wanted recognition...

As the name suggests, the purpose of the Declaration of Independence was to announce to the world, to Great Britain, and to the people of the new United States that the former colonies were asserting their right to "assume among the powers of the earth" the status of a free and independent nation. They had several reasons for doing this at the time they did, however. Let us look at a few:


  • They wanted recognition from European nations, especially France, from whom they hoped to receive military and economic aid. These nations were less likely to supply this aid when they perceived the war as an internal struggle within the British Empire.

  • They needed to establish state governments. After the royal governments left when war broke out, a sort of power vacuum existed, and revolutionary leaders felt the need to establish new governments was urgent.

  • They felt that, after more than a year of war, the relationship between the colonies and Great Britain was beyond saving. The war could no longer simply be about securing the rights of British subjects. The Declaration thus elevated the conflict in the minds of many of the colonists and ensured that no agreement could be reached between the revolutionaries and the British without independence.

For these reasons, the Declaration of Independence was issued.

When talking to Smaug, what eipthets does Bilbo use to describe himself?

Epithets are similar to nicknames; they are alternate titles for something or someone which describe some specific quality or characteristic. Bilbo uses epithets to describe himself because he doesn't want to give away his real name.


Bilbo is sent to investigate Smaug's lair within the mountain for several reasons, most specifically because it was the job that he was initially "hired" for at the beginning of the journey. Smaug, having a well-earned reputation for being...

Epithets are similar to nicknames; they are alternate titles for something or someone which describe some specific quality or characteristic. Bilbo uses epithets to describe himself because he doesn't want to give away his real name.


Bilbo is sent to investigate Smaug's lair within the mountain for several reasons, most specifically because it was the job that he was initially "hired" for at the beginning of the journey. Smaug, having a well-earned reputation for being deadly, not to mention having been out of sight and up to who-knows-what type of evil in the intervening years, inspires Bilbo to wear the Ring before approaching him. This pays off, because Smaug can smell him and feel the air that he displaces while moving, and so most of their conversation is tinged with Smaug's anger and subtle attempts to trick or bully the hobbit into revealing himself. 


In one of the book's many expositions, which have a tone of confidential just-so aphorisms, it is said that refusing to answer a dragon is unwise, and it is equally unwise to tell him exactly what he wants, specifically your real name. Thus Bilbo gives several names for himself which describe his personality traits, personal history, and accomplishments; for example, "Luckwearer", "Barrel-rider", "web-cutter", "chosen for the lucky number" and "he that walks unseen".


Bilbo's use of epithets at this time also reflect a degree of character growth; at the beginning of the journey, Bilbo was reluctant to be considered a burglar, or to find much enjoyment in the job. However, as he grows more confident and his skills become more evident, he begins to take pride in himself and his accomplishments and become more proactive and self-advocating. His use of epithets, and doing so in a riddling manner like that which he used with Gollum, are a sort of self-reflection of the many accomplishments Bilbo has achieved in his journey thus far.




Tuesday 23 June 2015

"Thanks for that. There the grown serpent lies. The worm that's fled hath nature that in time will venom breed." What is the context...

Remember that the weird sisters, in Act I, told Macbeth and Banquo their fates. Macbeth would be thane of Cawdor and king, but would not sire kings. Banquo would never be king but would sire a line of kings. Once he is crowned, Macbeth become increasingly paranoid, and one of the first things he does is hire murderers to kill Banquo and his son Fleance. The leader of the cutthroats has just come to Banquo's...

Remember that the weird sisters, in Act I, told Macbeth and Banquo their fates. Macbeth would be thane of Cawdor and king, but would not sire kings. Banquo would never be king but would sire a line of kings. Once he is crowned, Macbeth become increasingly paranoid, and one of the first things he does is hire murderers to kill Banquo and his son Fleance. The leader of the cutthroats has just come to Banquo's castle to report that Banquo is "safe"--meaning "safe in a ditch," dead--but Fleance escaped. 


Macbeth responds: "Thanks for that. There the grown serpent lies." That is, Banquo, the "grown serpent," is dead. He goes on to say: "The worm that’s fled / Hath nature that in time will venom breed; No teeth for th' present." He's here referring to Fleance, who is not yet old enough to breed, as a "worm" (a baby snake in this instance). He says he still is a threat because, in time, he'll have venom (when he's older), but he's no threat right now. 


Macbeth has failed to change Banquo's fate, and his son will begin a line of kings, the most recent of which--at the time the play was performed--was understood to be King James I, the new king of England, Scotland, and Ireland. This is the king Shakespeare wrote the play for, so Macbeth is the bad guy and Banquo and his progeny are the good guys. 

Monday 22 June 2015

What is Crooks's initial response to Candy's account of the dream farm and what evidence is there that his attitude changes?

At first, Candy says that he is nuts.  He does not believe a word of it.  He says that he has seen hundreds of men who have the same dream and say the same thing.  To be fair to Crooks, he has been on the ranch for a long time; and he has probably seen his fair share of people who had the same dream. Here are the words of Crooks.


Hunderds of them. They...

At first, Candy says that he is nuts.  He does not believe a word of it.  He says that he has seen hundreds of men who have the same dream and say the same thing.  To be fair to Crooks, he has been on the ranch for a long time; and he has probably seen his fair share of people who had the same dream. Here are the words of Crooks.




Hunderds of them. They come, an’ they quit an’ go on; an’ every damn one of ‘em’s got a little piece of land in his head. An’ never a God damn one of ‘em ever gets it. Just like heaven. Ever’body wants a little piece of lan’.



When Lennie and Candy begin to speak of the land more, Crooks begins to change. What changes him is the mention of money.  Lennie and Candy say that they have the money ready.  Moreover, they also have a piece of land picked out.  But perhaps more importantly, Crooks begins to believe, because Lennie and Candy really believe.  Here is the quote:



Crooks asked, “You say you got the money?"


“Damn right. We got most of it. Just a little bit more to get. Have it all in one month. George got the land all picked out, too."


Crooks reached around and explored his spine with his hand. “I never seen a guy really do it,” he said.





What is an example of a pathetic fallacy that shows fear in Golding's Lord of the Flies?

The word "pathetic" is often, hastily, interpreted as a value judgment, implying that something is weak or inferior, mostly because this is the way the word is commonly used in language today. However, it has etymological roots in the term "pathos," which simply means feeling, emotion or sentiment. In rhetoric, pathos is the means by which we recognize and appeal to the emotions of the audience, and lies in contrast to logos, or logic, which...

The word "pathetic" is often, hastily, interpreted as a value judgment, implying that something is weak or inferior, mostly because this is the way the word is commonly used in language today. However, it has etymological roots in the term "pathos," which simply means feeling, emotion or sentiment. In rhetoric, pathos is the means by which we recognize and appeal to the emotions of the audience, and lies in contrast to logos, or logic, which deals strictly in facts. A "pathetic fallacy," therefore, is not a "pitiful mistake," but the misattribution of emotions, typically to an inanimate object or animal. For example, assuming that predators are angry and vicious, or that the sea or a mountain could be cruel and uncaring.


There are no cases where the boys attribute fear to inanimate objects on the island, although they do seem to attribute fear to the pigs when they are being hunted on a few occasions, particularly the piglet that Jack hesitates over killing in Chapter 2. However, pathetic fallacies that "show fear" could easily reveal fear that the boys feel, rather than fear attributed to another. In this interpretations, we can see many occasions of such;


  • Simon hallucinates a cruel omniscience to the Lord of the Flies (the pig's head) which mockingly comforts him over his fears of social rejection.

  • The ocean, on the far side of the island, reflects Ralph's increasing sense of isolation and desperation. The ocean seems to be completely indifferent to them, while simultaneously operating as their greatest true threat. Ralph is afraid they're going to die on the island. 

  • The Beast is an embodiment of fear. One aspect of the Beast that the boys generally fail to recognize is the fact that it becomes progressively more powerful and unbelievable to the rational mind as the story goes on; first it was a 6-year-old's nightmare, and by the end, it has become an inscrutable, sea-dwelling, child-eating ghost. In a sense, the boys actually need the Beast, as a means of giving their fears a name, and the fact that it grows more powerful is a means of allowing it to continue to exist each time it is "proven" to be nonexistent.

How do the apparitions in Macbeth promote an evil and mysterious mood that contributes to the plot?

Throughout the text there is a continuous reference to the supernatural forces at play in encouraging Macbeth's evil deeds.  In every act of the play there is a substantial reference to witchcraft which in turn establishes a ominous and suspenseful mood for the reader.  Early in the play, the witches themselves serve to create a sense of mystery and suspense as they appear out of nowhere and set Macbeth on a path towards darkness with...

Throughout the text there is a continuous reference to the supernatural forces at play in encouraging Macbeth's evil deeds.  In every act of the play there is a substantial reference to witchcraft which in turn establishes a ominous and suspenseful mood for the reader.  Early in the play, the witches themselves serve to create a sense of mystery and suspense as they appear out of nowhere and set Macbeth on a path towards darkness with their prophecy.  As the play unfolds, Lady Macbeth calls on spirits to make her evil enough to commit the act of murder and then furthers Macbeth's plotting to murder Duncan with her own manipulation of Macbeth.  When Macbeth finally succumbs to Lady Macbeth and the visions of glory imposed by the witches, he gives the famous dagger speech where he invokes the goddess of witchcraft and hallucinates a bloody dagger.  During this speech, Macbeth is consumed by thoughts of apparitions and the tortured dreams of the night disrupting "curtained sleep."  This again sets an ominous mood for the reader as Macbeth moves forward with his plan to murder Duncan.  This mood is continued throughout the rest of the play as the gatekeeper of Iverness (Macbeth's castle) is portrayed as the gatekeeper at the doors of hell and as the witches re-emerge later in the play.  All of these references to the supernatural serve to create suspense within the play and call into question Macbeth's true control over his part in the evil deed of killing Duncan (and many others).

In Night by Elie Wiesel, describe the ghetto evacuation and journey to Auschwitz.

In Night by Elie Wiesel, when the Jews were expelled from Sighet, they were first marched to the main synagogue. This happened on a Saturday, the Jewish Sabbath. At the synagogue, they found the bimah (altar) broken and the building vandalized. The Jewish people spent twenty-four hours there, so crowded together, breathing was difficult for them. The men and women were separated, and there were no bathrooms for them to use, so they were forced...

In Night by Elie Wiesel, when the Jews were expelled from Sighet, they were first marched to the main synagogue. This happened on a Saturday, the Jewish Sabbath. At the synagogue, they found the bimah (altar) broken and the building vandalized. The Jewish people spent twenty-four hours there, so crowded together, breathing was difficult for them. The men and women were separated, and there were no bathrooms for them to use, so they were forced to use the corners of the room to relieve themselves.  


The following day, the Jewish people were marched to the train station and forced to load into cattle cars. Eighty people were pushed into each car and given a little bread and some buckets of water. The Hungarian police orchestrated all of this, and one person in each car was put in charge and told, "...if anyone escaped, he would be shot" (Wiesel 20). 


The train cars were crowded, so the people took turns sitting down. They never ate enough to feel satisfied because they didn't know how long the journey would take and feared running out of food. One woman in the same car as Elie Wiesel began to cry out about seeing a fire, and as she became more and more hysterical, the others yelled at her and hit her. Once they reached Auschwitz though, they saw the fires, too. There, the Jews were greeted by truncheons and torches.



"In front of us flames. In the air that smell of burning flesh. It must have been about midnight. We had arrived--at Birkenau, reception center for Auschwitz" (Wiesel 26).


How is Viola smart in Twelfth Night?

Viola is a smart and resourceful character. As a young woman shipwrecked alone, she successfully disguises herself as a man, and quickly enters the service of Duke Orsino. This shows her ability to imitate others, move comfortably in social situations, and problem-solve on the fly. Very few people could so easily resolve their problems in this way. Orsino quickly comes to trust her so much that he entrusts her to be his messenger to his...

Viola is a smart and resourceful character. As a young woman shipwrecked alone, she successfully disguises herself as a man, and quickly enters the service of Duke Orsino. This shows her ability to imitate others, move comfortably in social situations, and problem-solve on the fly. Very few people could so easily resolve their problems in this way. Orsino quickly comes to trust her so much that he entrusts her to be his messenger to his beloved Olivia. She has only arrived and already she is in the inner circle. Viola performs this duty well, playing her role as Cesario so convincingly that Olivia falls in love with her. Then, later in the play, when Olivia mistakenly marries her twin brother, she is socially skilled enough to reveal her identity in a way that does not confuse or offend the other characters too deeply. She marries Orsino, whom she loves. Through the course of the play, a young woman shipwrecks alone in a strange place and is resourceful enough to turn this bad situation into a marriage with a Duke she loves. That shows a huge amount of intelligence and resourcefulness on her part.

Sunday 21 June 2015

What is the central idea of "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening?"

At the center of Robert Frost's poem is the description of a moment of contemplation -- how our daily activities, in all their complexity of decision and actions, the moments obfuscate the larger "meanings" of our actual physical existence.   The narrator here (we always assume "I" means Frost himself here) is near the end of a day of mundane, everyday activities, when the tranquility of the scene temporarily causes him to pause.  Even his horse,...

At the center of Robert Frost's poem is the description of a moment of contemplation -- how our daily activities, in all their complexity of decision and actions, the moments obfuscate the larger "meanings" of our actual physical existence.   The narrator here (we always assume "I" means Frost himself here) is near the end of a day of mundane, everyday activities, when the tranquility of the scene temporarily causes him to pause.  Even his horse, a creature of simple consciousness that is freed of the burden of self-consciousness, "thinks it queer" that they should stop here for no apparent reason (Frost purposely uses the word "thinks"), just as we, in our daily routines, do not stop to contemplate the present.  The poem, then, becomes a snapshot of our own (the reader's) failure to live in the moment. 

Saturday 20 June 2015

How did Canadian women contribute in the Second World War?

When Canada entered World War Two on September 10 1939, many of its male citizens joined the armed forces to fight the Nazis. But, with many men gone and a need to boost production, women had to fill this fill void and play an active role in the war effort. Here are some ways in which they made a vital contribution:


  • At home, women enforced rationing, reduced waste and collected items which could be recycled...

When Canada entered World War Two on September 10 1939, many of its male citizens joined the armed forces to fight the Nazis. But, with many men gone and a need to boost production, women had to fill this fill void and play an active role in the war effort. Here are some ways in which they made a vital contribution:


  • At home, women enforced rationing, reduced waste and collected items which could be recycled for the war effort, e.g. metal, rubber and glass.

  • Around 373,000 women worked in the manufacturing industry, of which 261,000 were employed in the production of munitions, especially aircraft and in gun plants.

  • Women volunteered as nurses for the Red Cross or in the military canteens.

  • Women also joined the armed forces, like the Women's Royal Canadian Naval Service, primarily as stenographers and secretaries, and the Canadian Women's Army Corps where they decoded messages.

  • Women also organised home defense programs in case of invasion. Here, they wore a uniform, performed military drills and learned how to handle a weapon.


What is humidity? |

Humidity is the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere. Air usually contains invisible water vapor, not to be confused with clouds and fog which are visible condensed water droplets. 


Relative humidity is the ratio of the amount of water vapor in the air to how much it can hold. For example, if the relative humidity is 50% then the air contains half the amount of water vapor that it can hold at that temperature....

Humidity is the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere. Air usually contains invisible water vapor, not to be confused with clouds and fog which are visible condensed water droplets. 


Relative humidity is the ratio of the amount of water vapor in the air to how much it can hold. For example, if the relative humidity is 50% then the air contains half the amount of water vapor that it can hold at that temperature. The maximum amount of water vapor the air can hold is called the saturation point, and it increases with temperature. 


Another measure of humidity is the dew point. This is the temperature at which water vapor in the air will begin to condense. The more water vapor in the air the higher the temperature at which it will begin to condense. When we see dew in the morning it's because the temperature dropped overnight to the point where the air became saturated with water vapor. 


Humidity makes a hot day seem hotter because it slows the evaporation of sweat. Evaporation cools the surroundings. At 100% humidity the rates of evaporation and condensation of water are equal so there's no net evaporation and sweating is ineffective. 

What is the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints?

The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is a Christian denomination founded by Joseph Smith in the early 1800's. The Church shares some doctrine with mainstream Protestant branches, and also contains its own unique dogma introduced and propagated by Smith and his early followers. The Church is known for for its large, actively involved laity, and for its strict hierarchical clerical order.


The Church has been a controversial Christian sect since its inception. Its...

The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is a Christian denomination founded by Joseph Smith in the early 1800's. The Church shares some doctrine with mainstream Protestant branches, and also contains its own unique dogma introduced and propagated by Smith and his early followers. The Church is known for for its large, actively involved laity, and for its strict hierarchical clerical order.


The Church has been a controversial Christian sect since its inception. Its history contains a number of violent encounters in communities where Joseph Smith and his followers attempted to settle, such as in Missouri and Utah. The Church has experienced a number of splinters throughout its history, due to unique and seemingly radical theological claims.


Members participate in a number of sacraments to mark life events: birth ceremonies, elaborate weddings, baptisms, and funeral rites. The relationship between clergy and lay members is highly important and integral to religious life. Clergy are devoutly respected and have great authority to establish or change cultural/religious norms within the community. While more accepted among the mainstream now than ever before in its history, the Church continues to struggle with an uneasy relationship with neighboring communities, and with increased political, social, and legal scrutiny. Nonetheless, the Church remains the fourth largest Christian denomination in the U.S., and maintains operation as large, stable, and functioning religious institution. 

`sin(2x)sin(x) = cos(x)` Find the exact solutions of the equation in the interval [0, 2pi).

`sin(2x)sin(x)=cos(x) ,0<=x<=2pi`


`sin(2x)sin(x)-cos(x)=0`


`=2sin(x)cos(x)sin(x)-cos(x)=0`


`=cos(x)(2sin^2(x)-1)=0`


`=cos(x)(sqrt(2)sin(x)-1)(sqrt(2)sin(x)+1)=0`


solving each part separately,


`cos(x)=0 , (sqrt(2)sin(x)-1)=0 , (sqrt(2)sin(x)+1)=0`


General solutions for cos(x)=0 are,


`x=pi/2+2pin , x=(3pi)/2+2pin`


solutions for the range `0<=x<=2pi`  are,


`x=pi/2 , x=(3pi/2)`


`(sqrt(2)sin(x)-1)=0`


`sin(x)=1/sqrt(2)`


General solutions are,


`x=pi/4+2pin , x=(3pi)/4+2pin`


solutions for the range `0<=x<=2pi`  are,


`x=pi/4 , x=(3pi)/4`


`sqrt(2)sin(x)+1=0`


`sin(x)=-1/sqrt(2)`


General solutions are,


`x=(5pi)/4+2pin, x=(7pi)/4+2pin`


solutions for the range `0<=x<=2pi`  are,


`x=(5pi)/4 , x=(7pi)/4`


Combine all the solutions,


`x=pi/2 ,x=(3pi)/2 , x=pi/4 , x=(3pi)/4...

`sin(2x)sin(x)=cos(x) ,0<=x<=2pi`


`sin(2x)sin(x)-cos(x)=0`


`=2sin(x)cos(x)sin(x)-cos(x)=0`


`=cos(x)(2sin^2(x)-1)=0`


`=cos(x)(sqrt(2)sin(x)-1)(sqrt(2)sin(x)+1)=0`


solving each part separately,


`cos(x)=0 , (sqrt(2)sin(x)-1)=0 , (sqrt(2)sin(x)+1)=0`


General solutions for cos(x)=0 are,


`x=pi/2+2pin , x=(3pi)/2+2pin`


solutions for the range `0<=x<=2pi`  are,


`x=pi/2 , x=(3pi/2)`


`(sqrt(2)sin(x)-1)=0`


`sin(x)=1/sqrt(2)`


General solutions are,


`x=pi/4+2pin , x=(3pi)/4+2pin`


solutions for the range `0<=x<=2pi`  are,


`x=pi/4 , x=(3pi)/4`


`sqrt(2)sin(x)+1=0`


`sin(x)=-1/sqrt(2)`


General solutions are,


`x=(5pi)/4+2pin, x=(7pi)/4+2pin`


solutions for the range `0<=x<=2pi`  are,


`x=(5pi)/4 , x=(7pi)/4`


Combine all the solutions,


`x=pi/2 ,x=(3pi)/2 , x=pi/4 , x=(3pi)/4 , x=(5pi/4) , x=(7pi)/4`


Describe the Green Palace and its contents.

At the beginning of Chapter Six, the Time Traveller visits the Green Palace. Externally, this palace catches the Time Traveller's eye because it is much larger than any other building he has seen thus far. It is ruined, like the other surrounding buildings, but is green in colour, and it appears to be made out of porcelain. 


In Chapter Eight, the Time Traveller's curiosity prompts him to revisit the Green Palace and explore its interior....

At the beginning of Chapter Six, the Time Traveller visits the Green Palace. Externally, this palace catches the Time Traveller's eye because it is much larger than any other building he has seen thus far. It is ruined, like the other surrounding buildings, but is green in colour, and it appears to be made out of porcelain. 


In Chapter Eight, the Time Traveller's curiosity prompts him to revisit the Green Palace and explore its interior. As it is ruined, its windows are smashed and the metal frame, which supports its structure, is damaged. There is an inscription over the doorway but the Time Traveller cannot read it because he does not understand the language.


Entering the building, the Time Traveller finds himself in a long room, with windows dotted along either side. The overwhelming impression of this room is one of neglect and ruin: the floor and shelves are thick with dust and the roof is cracked and leaking water. But, even in its poor state, the Time Traveller soon realizes that the palace was once a museum. In this room are pieces of dinosaur skeleton, fossils and some unrecognized objects in glass jars, dotted along the shelves. 


Leaving this room and proceeding to the next, the Time Traveller finds a gallery devoted to rocks and minerals and, next, a collection of natural history relics. Many of these, unfortunately, are no longer recognizable because they have been neglected for so long. 


As the Time Traveller continues to explore, however, Weena becomes very distressed. She alerts him to the sloped floor which leads to a tunnel of darkness. The pair notice some small footprints, suggestive of the Morlocks but the Time Traveller presses on and finds a staircase which he ascends. Upstairs, he comes across more ancient collections and, more importantly, a box of matches which he can use to protect himself and Weena from the Morlocks.


Eventually, after wandering through more galleries, filled with statues and other relics, he stumbles across some guns, rifles and, crucially, two sticks of dynamite. Pocketing the dynamite, he and Weena wander down to an open courtyard and rest before leaving the Green Palace. This dynamite, along with the matches, can be used to fend off the Morlocks and help the Time Traveller to break open the Sphinx and take back his time machine. 

Friday 19 June 2015

From Harper Lee's To Kill a Mockingbird, please provide 2-3 quotes that show people's racist attitudes changed.

To say that any one individual changed from being racist in Lee's To Kill a Mockingbird would be stretching it. After the trial of Tom Robinson, it would be more precise to say that the Cunninghams from Old Sarum took a baby step towards becoming less racist. Right before the trial started, Link Deas told Atticus that he was most worried about "that Old Sarum bunch" acting up and causing problems (145). Deas was referring to the Cunninghams who live in the forest and have been a large growing family for many generations in Maycomb county. That means that their ancestors probably owned slaves or at least fought for the Confederacy during the Civil War. This also suggests that they would not support a black man's word against a white man's on any day of the week. Yet again, this is the family who takes the baby step forward. Both Atticus and Miss Maudie have great explanations for the Cunninghams as well as Maycomb as a whole.

First, Atticus explains to Jem and Scout the following about Mr. Cunningham (Walter's father) after the mob incident:



"Mr. Cunningham is basically a good man . . . he just has his blind spots along with the rest of us. . . So it took an eight-year-old child to bring 'em to their senses, didn't it? . . .That proves something that a gang of wild animals can be stopped, simply because they're still human" (157).



Atticus is teaching the kids that people are good at heart even if they get riled up in mobs sometimes. This event didn't change Mr. Cunningham's views on race, necessarily, but Scout's innocence brought him down from his mob mentality enough for him to make a better choice than to hurt someone. The fact that Mr. Cunningham could be talked down from killing a black man says that he can be reasoned with--to a point-- and that's a good step for 1935 in the deep South.


Later, Atticus finds out that it is one of the Cunninghams on the jury who stood his ground for Tom Robinson during the deliberation time. Jem is amazed when his father tells him this and responds with the following:



"Golly Moses . . . one minute they're tryin' to kill him and the next they're tryin' to turn him loose. . . I'll never understand those folks as long as I live" (222).



Clearly this shows that times are changing the minds and attitudes of some of the people in Maycomb, even to the shock of a young boy.


One last quote that shows that the attitude of Maycomb has shifted is when Miss Maudie says the following to Aunt Alexandra after Atticus has just gone to tell Helen Robinson that her husband was shot trying to escape prison. Alexandra asks Maudie who actually cares about what Atticus is doing for that town and Maudie says,



"The handful of people in this town who say that fair play is not marked White Only; the handful of people who say a fair trial is for everybody, not just us; the handful of people with enough humility to think, when they look at a Negro, there but for the Lord's kindness am I" (236).



When once Maycomb could have been full of racist people, Maudie is saying that the ones who come from the best family backgrounds support Atticus and fair play. Even though they may be peaceful and not outspoken, they still show their support in different ways and that is a fundamental change in attitude, too.

Thursday 18 June 2015

How does Winston's and Julia's dysfunctional relationship cause Winston to struggle to find happiness?

For Winston, his relationship with Julia is problematic because it violates party rules. As a result, every moment he spends with her is fraught with insecurity and prevents him from being truly happy in her company. This sense of insecurity is summed up perfectly in Part 2, Chapter 5:


"Both of them knew -- in a way, it was never out of their minds -- that what was now happening could not last long. There...

For Winston, his relationship with Julia is problematic because it violates party rules. As a result, every moment he spends with her is fraught with insecurity and prevents him from being truly happy in her company. This sense of insecurity is summed up perfectly in Part 2, Chapter 5:


"Both of them knew -- in a way, it was never out of their minds -- that what was now happening could not last long. There were times when the fact of impending death seemed as palpable as the bed they lay on, and they would cling together with a sort of despairing sensuality."


To find permanence, Winston comes up with all sorts of ideas which might enable him and Julia to stay together and be happy. In one such idea, he and Julia become proles and get a job in factory so as to avoid the watchful eye of Big Brother. But, ultimately, Winston knows that none of his ideas are truly plausible; they are all "nonsense" and cannot ever result in the end he most desires. While this belief creates a sense of hopelessness in Winston, he does not end his relationship with Julia by choice. (Their relationship only ends when the pair are arrested and betray each other during torture.) He clings on to the idea that they might stay together but, in the closing chapter of the book, we see that happiness belongs only to the party: Julia and Winston have been brainwashed and they only feel love for Big Brother, not for each other. 




What is the connection between Ponyboy and Gone with the Wind in The Outsiders?

Ponyboy had always wanted to read Gone with the Wind, so Johnny brought him a copy when they were hiding out at the church.


Ponyboy is a good student and a voracious reader.  Not only does he love books, he loves movies.  He is thrilled when Johnny brings him a copy of Gone with the Wind.



"Wheee!" I sat down on a dusty chair and stared. "A paperback copy of Gone with the


Wind!...


Ponyboy had always wanted to read Gone with the Wind, so Johnny brought him a copy when they were hiding out at the church.


Ponyboy is a good student and a voracious reader.  Not only does he love books, he loves movies.  He is thrilled when Johnny brings him a copy of Gone with the Wind.



"Wheee!" I sat down on a dusty chair and stared. "A paperback copy of Gone with the


Wind! How'd you know I always wanted one?" (Ch. 5)



Johnny tells Ponyboy that he remembers hearing him say he wanted to read the book, and he thinks it will help pass the time.  The two of them are on the run after Johnny killed a Soc in self-defense.  He asks Pony to read the book out loud.


This is a nice gesture, and it shows Johnny’s sensitive nature.  Although Johnny is not considered smart by many, it turns out that if you give him enough time he actually is quite intelligent.  He does not have Ponyboy’s knack for schoolbook learning, but he is definitely not dumb.



Johnny sure did like that book, although he didn't know anything about the Civil War and even less about plantations, and I had to explain a lot of it to him. It amazed me how Johnny could get more meaning out of some of the stuff in there than I could--- I was supposed to be the deep one. (Ch. 5)



Symbolically, the book helps the boys bond and represents something they have in common.  They are together in their situation, and it is a diversion that gives them something else to think about.  They appreciate the concept of Southern chivalry, because roles and codes of conduct are important in their life too.  A sweeping epic about war and tragedy, it is easy to see why the boys felt an affinity with the story in Gone with the Wind.


Wednesday 17 June 2015

What was the background behind this quote: "they that can give up essential liberty to purchase a little temporary safety, deserve neither...

This quote is from a letter that Benjamin Franklin is believed to have written on behalf of the Pennsylvania General Assembly. It is actually written about a tax dispute between the General Assembly and the governor William Penn. It was written as a pro-defense and pro-taxation argument. The Penn family was asked to pay a tax to help defend the frontier during the French and Indian War and the Penn family did not feel it...

This quote is from a letter that Benjamin Franklin is believed to have written on behalf of the Pennsylvania General Assembly. It is actually written about a tax dispute between the General Assembly and the governor William Penn. It was written as a pro-defense and pro-taxation argument. The Penn family was asked to pay a tax to help defend the frontier during the French and Indian War and the Penn family did not feel it should be subject to tax. He actually felt that the legislature should be permitted to govern for the good of all the people in order to provide for collective security.


This quote is often misinterpreted in modern times. Today it is translated to mean that citizens should not be quick to forfeit their civil liberties and privacy to government surveillance, particularly during times of war or heightened threat of terrorism.

How did female monarchs change the Tudor court?

There were three kings in the Tudor line before a serious problem arose. The problem was that a male heir to the throne had not been produced and the Tudors were a relatively new monarchy. They were also somewhat of a controversial monarchy as Henry VIII had expelled the Roman Catholic Church from England and installed a new protestant state religion. Compounding this problem was the bias that existed in England, as in most of Europe, that women were not meant to be in a position of authority.

In an effort to maintain the Protestant faith in England and to keep the Tudor line in place, King Edward VI attempted to have his father's will changed and installed Jane Grey as the Queen. This foolhardy decision was not well accepted by the nobility and she was deposed in nine days. The first legitimate female queen to govern England was Mary I, a staunch Catholic. Elizabeth I, a Protestant, succeeded Mary's rule and was the last Tudor monarch.


Because of sheer poor luck in producing male heirs, the Tudors generated issues involving royal succession, including the succession rights of women. After those questions were answered and female rulers were in place, the role of the queen in government came to the forefront. Women in England were undeniably in a subservient role to men, even the two queens would not dispute this. These issues would ultimately affect the Tudor court in a way that would lead to its demise. The concern the citizens had during the rule of the queens was that if they married kings from other nations, England would lose its sovereignty. When the Catholic Queen Mary I married the Spanish King Philip of Spain, an attempt to overthrow her was hatched. Turmoil would ensue and she would eventually accuse her sister, the future queen of being involved in the plot.


Coup attempts by siblings in the royal court were not uncommon, however. The female monarchs of the Tudors changed court in the same way that the male Tudor monarchs did: by not producing male heirs. Elizabeth I was reluctant to marry because she rather enjoyed ruling and did not necessarily want her husband to take her place in that role. She resisted marriage until it was too late for her to have children, and, therefore, was not able to produce a male heir. This brought about an end to the Tudor rule of England upon her death.

How does The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde relate to Christianity?

Christians believe that all human beings are imperfect and subject to sin.  It is not possible for us to be perfectly good, though we can try, because we are sinful by nature.  (One can trace this idea back to Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden.)  We are easily tempted, easily led astray from the path of righteousness, and this weakness is fundamental to our human natures.  It is through our genuine atonement and...

Christians believe that all human beings are imperfect and subject to sin.  It is not possible for us to be perfectly good, though we can try, because we are sinful by nature.  (One can trace this idea back to Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden.)  We are easily tempted, easily led astray from the path of righteousness, and this weakness is fundamental to our human natures.  It is through our genuine atonement and by asking God's forgiveness that we receive God's grace.


In The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, Dr. Jekyll, embarrassed by the sins he feels compelled to conceal (because his Victorian society would judge him incredibly harshly were they known), attempts to separate out his own human sinfulness and, in so doing, eliminate it from his person entirely.  Then, he will have no sins to conceal because he will feel no desire to commit them.  This backfires, and the sinful part of his nature ultimately becomes stronger than his goodness and overpowers it.  Christian doctrine says that it is impossible to separate one's sinfulness from one's goodness because both are inherent to human beings; we are, by nature, a combination of the two.  Thus, his experiment must be a failure because what he attempts to do is simply not possible.

Tuesday 16 June 2015

Where in Gary D. Schmidt's book Trouble does Henry's father say to stay away from trouble?

Gary D. Schmidt's novel Trouble opens with the narrator reflecting on Henry's father frequently reminding his family to stay away from trouble. However, the only time the reader witnesses Mr. Smith saying these words aloud is in the first chapter, during a flashback of a time when Henry had been climbing the black boulders in Salvage Cove when he fell "ten or twelve feet" (p. 5). The narrator continues to relay that, had Henry...

Gary D. Schmidt's novel Trouble opens with the narrator reflecting on Henry's father frequently reminding his family to stay away from trouble. However, the only time the reader witnesses Mr. Smith saying these words aloud is in the first chapter, during a flashback of a time when Henry had been climbing the black boulders in Salvage Cove when he fell "ten or twelve feet" (p. 5). The narrator continues to relay that, had Henry fallen either a little to the left or right, he would have landed on "stone wedges" or "sharper mussel beds" and would have been seriously injured (p. 5). However, instead, Henry landed in the water. Afterwards, Franklin said he needed to teach Henry how to climb and suggested they climb Katahdin, even climb "through the Gateway and up to the Knife Edge" (p. 6). Mr. Smith's response to Henry's fall and the proposal of climbing a dangerous mountain is to say, "If you build your house far enough away from Trouble, then Trouble will never find you" (p. 6).

At other moments throughout the book, Henry reflects on his father's words about staying away from trouble but only to think about how completely wrong his father had been. For example, in Chapter 20, Henry learns more about the history of the burned ship's remains in Salvage Cove. Specifically, Henry learns that the ship had been captained by Thomas Smith, founder of the Smith family fortune and builder the house Henry and his family live in. Captain Smith had sailed the ship during King Philip's War against the Native Americans then had used it to transport and sell enslaved Native Americans in Morocco, which shows us that trouble has always existed within the Smith family household; no one can really build a house "far enough away from Trouble."

What is Krebs's relationship with his sister like in "Soldier's Home"? How does he respond differently to her than to the other girls or women in...

After returning from World War I, where he served in the Marines during some of the most decisive battles of the conflict, Harold Krebs comments that he just wanted his life to run smooth without "consequences." He had already seen enough consequences of people's actions in the war. His relationship with his young sister Helen is without consequences so it fits well into his plans. With his father and mother and with any potential girlfriends, things would be more complicated. Harold is suffering from what we might now term post-traumatic stress disorder but was then simply called shell shock. For most returning World War I troops it went undiagnosed and untreated. His parents want him to get on with his life, to work and marry, and carry on a normal existence. Instead, he falls into a life of lethargy, sleeping late, playing pool or reading books about the war. 

Helen is safe and innocent. She obviously very much looks up to Harold and in one scene asks him if he would be her "beau." Since there are no consequences involved in this relationship, he is perfectly willing to go along with her. Hemingway even suggests that she may be the only person Harold really loves:



Krebs looked at her. He liked her. She was his best sister.



Helen invites Harold to her indoor baseball game and says that he doesn't love her if he doesn't show up. She says,



"Aw Hare, you don't love me. If you loved me, you'd want to come over and watch me play indoor."



In the final lines of the story, after telling his mother he doesn't love her, shunning prayer, and totally avoiding his father, Harold thinks that he will go and see Helen play baseball:



He would not go down to his father's office. He would miss that one. He wanted his life to go smoothly. It had just gotten going that way. Well, that was all over now, anyway. He would go over to the schoolyard and watch Helen play indoor baseball. 



It is for Harold a first step back into society and the realization of consequences. By loving Helen he reenters a world of complications. He could not love his mother or father, but Helen is innocent and she may provide him with the inspiration to begin living his life again.   

`4x + y^2 = 12, x = y` Sketch the region enclosed by the given curves. Decide whether to integrate with respect to `x` or `y`. Draw a typical...

You need to determine first the points of intersection between curves `y = sqrt(12-4x)` and `y = x` , by solving the equation, such that:


`sqrt(12-4x)= x =>12-4x = x^2 => x^2 + 4x - 12 = 0`


`x_(1,2) = (-4+-sqrt(16 + 48))/2 => x_(1,2) = (-4+-8)/2`


`x_1 = 2; x_2 = -6`


Hence, the endpoints of integral are x = -6 and x = 2


You need to decide what curve is greater than...

You need to determine first the points of intersection between curves `y = sqrt(12-4x)` and `y = x` , by solving the equation, such that:


`sqrt(12-4x)= x =>12-4x = x^2 => x^2 + 4x - 12 = 0`


`x_(1,2) = (-4+-sqrt(16 + 48))/2 => x_(1,2) = (-4+-8)/2`


`x_1 = 2; x_2 = -6`


Hence, the endpoints of integral are x = -6 and x = 2


You need to decide what curve is greater than the other on the interval [-6,2]. You need to notice that `sqrt(12-4x) >x` on the interval [-6,2],hence, you may evaluate the area of the region enclosed by the given curves, such that:


`int_a^b (f(x) - g(x))dx` , where f(x) > g(x) for `x in [a,b]`


`int_(-6)^2 (sqrt(12-4x) - x)dx =int_(-6)^2sqrt(12-4x) dx - int_(-6)^2 xdx`


You need to solve `int_(-6)^2sqrt(12-4x) dx` using substitution `12 - 4x = t` , such that:


`12-4x = t => -4dx = dt => dx = -(dt)/4`


`int_(-6)^2sqrt(12-4x) dx= -(1/4)int_(t_1)^(t_2)sqrt(t) dt`


`int_(-6)^2sqrt(12-4x) dx= -2/12 (12-4x)^(3/2)|_(-6)^2`


`int_(-6)^2sqrt(12-4x) dx= -2/12 (12-4*2)^(3/2) + 2/12(12 + 24)`


`int_(-6)^2sqrt(12-4x) dx= -(2/12)*8 + (36*2)/12`


`int_(-6)^2sqrt(12-4x) dx= - 4/3 + 6`


`int_(-6)^2sqrt(12-4x) dx= (18-4)/3`


`int_(-6)^2sqrt(12-4x) dx= 14/3`


Hence, evaluating the area of the region enclosed by the given curves, yields `int_(-6)^2sqrt(12-4x) dx= 14/3.`



The area of the region enclosed by the given curves is found between the red and orange curves, for `x in [-6,2].`

What is the cause and effect of "The Allegory of the Cave?"

In this allegory, people are in a cave, chained to a wall in such a way that they can only face one way and essentially have no knowledge that there is anything behind them. But behind them are puppet performers and behind the performers there is a fire. Further behind this is a passage that leads outside the cave to the sunlight. The people in the cave only see the shadows on the wall the face. The shadows are created by the performers. So, the chained people only see a semblance of the truth. The absolute Truth lies outside the cave in the sunlight. So, the people in the cave are thrice removed from absolute Truth: Sun/Truth - Performers/Fire - Shadows. 

This allegory shows that there is more to truth or "reality" than what we see and experience. In Plato's Idealist philosophy, the allegory is meant to show how his abstract Forms (Ideal ideas of things in their perfect form of Truth) are three times removed from our normal experience. The allegory also suggests that philosophers or the philosopher-king rulers he talks about in The Republic, should (after they become enlightened in seeing the Truth/Sun) go back into the cave (back to the city/society) in order to rule and educate the masses. 


This allegory is a classic structural way of presenting the notion of "thinking outside the box." In this case, the box is a cave, but Plato has other applications of the metaphor, as discussed above. 


What causes people to experience things so far from Truth? This is a broad topic, so there is too much to go into here. But consider things like culture, ideology, our fallible senses, and tradition as things which structure our thinking and behavior. Plato was "caused" or motivated to write the allegory to illustrate how people should aspire to greater truths that they should go above and beyond traditional ways of thinking. The hope is that this will create many effects: a more educated public and more particularly, a more educated body of leaders. 


In the history of Western Philosophy, this allegory has had a great effect on subsequent thinkers. Philosophers have debated different interpretations of the allegory but all consider it to be one of the most important allegories of seeking truth and wisdom. 

Monday 15 June 2015

What is the function of relating the Finch family history at the outset of the novel?

The main reason to give some background on the Finch family is to introduce them as a well-established and important family in the history of Maycomb.  The most famous ancestor, Simon Finch, came to Maycomb from England and settled in an area later known as Finch Landing.  There Simon Finch trapped animals and practiced medicine.  Simon Finch was also a slave owner.  After gaining some wealth, the family lost all of its money during the...

The main reason to give some background on the Finch family is to introduce them as a well-established and important family in the history of Maycomb.  The most famous ancestor, Simon Finch, came to Maycomb from England and settled in an area later known as Finch Landing.  There Simon Finch trapped animals and practiced medicine.  Simon Finch was also a slave owner.  After gaining some wealth, the family lost all of its money during the Civil War. 


Because they are an old Southern family, they are well-respected in the community.  They are also considered a higher class of people because of Atticus’ law degree and tenure in state politics.  In the South, family heritage is important and a basis for social class. 


Atticus also represents a new generation of Finches.  Although his ancestor, Simon Finch, owned slaves, Atticus fights for the rights of Tom Robinson, a black man.  He truly shows the evolution of values and beliefs in the South. 


Introducing this family history gives the reader a solid background on where the members of the Finch family began and how they have developed since then. 


Compare and contrast the father-son relationship of Chingachgook and Uncas with the father-daughter relationship of Munro and his daughters....

The major action in the novel centers on Cora and Alice Munro's journey from Fort Edward to Fort William Henry, where their father, Lt. Colonel Munro is commander of the forces. The girls are accompanied by Major Duncan Heyward and their Indian guide, Magua, a Huron who has been exiled from his tribe. Along the way, they meet David Gamut, a psalmodist, Natty Bumppo (also known as Hawkeye) and his two Mohican friends, Chingachgook and his son, Uncas.

In Chapter 3, we get an idea of the kind of relationship Chingachgook has with his son, Uncas. Even though the father and son relationship is a close one, a proud heritage as warriors prevents both from demonstrating undue physical affection for the other. Instead, the unspoken bond of male camaraderie is exhibited in quiet respect and regard. It is clear that both warriors are comfortable working and fighting side by side. Bolded words below are mine.



At the next instant, a youthful warrior passed between them, with a noiseless step, and seated himself on the bank of the rapid stream. No exclamation of surprise escaped the father, nor was any question asked, or reply given, for several minutes; each appearing to await the moment when he might speak, without betraying womanish curiosity or childish impatience. (There is no coercion in Chingachgook and Uncas' relationship; both accord each other respect and consideration in every interaction).


The instant the father seconded this intimation by an expressive gesture of the hand, Uncas threw himself on the ground, and approached the animal with wary movements. (Here, Chingachgook gives the order for Uncas to track and to kill a deer for their supper. Uncas, although a grown man and warrior in his own right, submits himself to his father's authority without question).


These Mohicans and I will do what man's thoughts can invent, to keep such flowers, which, though so sweet, were never made for the wilderness, from harm, and that without hope of any other recompense but such as God always gives to upright dealings. (Here, Chingachgook and Uncas, at great danger to their lives, demonstrate honor and decency in their resolve to ensure Cora and Alice Munro's safety).



On the other hand, Lt. Colonel Munro's relationship with his daughters, although just as intimate, is filled with open affection and warmth. This is evident in Chapter 16 when the girls are happily reunited with their father at Fort William Henry. Munro is also an indulgent father, for he permits his daughters to make the dangerous journey to Fort William Henry after they plead with him to assent to their desires.



Major Heyward found Munro attended only by his daughters. Alice sat upon his knee, parting the gray hairs on the forehead of the old man with her delicate fingers; and whenever he affected to frown on her trifling, appeasing his assumed anger by pressing her ruby lips fondly on his wrinkled brow.



As with any father of daughters, Lt. Colonel Munro is extremely protective of Cora and Alice. So it is that when the hapless Major Heyward initially attempts to ask for permission to court Alice, Munro is incensed. He thinks that Heyward has rejected Cora, his eldest daughter, because of her darker skin. Troubled at the turn in conversation, Major Heyward awkwardly protests at such an unfair characterization of his purposes. Undaunted, Munro proceeds to subject Heyward to a history lesson about Cora and Alice's background.



But could I find a man among them who would dare to reflect on my child, he should feel the weight of a father's anger!..."And you cast it on my child as a reproach! You scorn to mingle the blood of the Heywards with one so degraded—lovely and virtuous though she be?" fiercely demanded the jealous parent. 


"Heaven protect me from a prejudice so unworthy of my reason!" returned Duncan, at the same time conscious of such a feeling, and that as deeply rooted as if it had been ingrafted in his nature. "The sweetness, the beauty, the witchery of your younger daughter, Colonel Munro, might explain my motives without imputing to me this injustice."



In Chapter 17, Magua abducts both Cora and Alice after the massacre at Fort William Henry. Munro again exhibits his care for his daughters by joining in the search for them. Despite his grief and physical suffering, he pushes on bravely beside Heyward, Chingachgook, Uncas, and Hawkeye, as they race against time to retrieve the girls from Magua's clutches. In Chapter 33, Chingachgook and Munro share a common grief: the death of a much loved child. Yet, both exhibit the quiet dignity of aged warriors in the face of death and loss:



"I understand you, sir," returned Munro, with a voice of forced firmness; "I understand you. It is the will of Heaven, and I submit. Cora, my child! if the prayers of a heart-broken father could avail thee now, how blessed shouldst thou be! Come, gentlemen," he added, looking about him with an air of lofty composure, though the anguish that quivered in his faded countenance was far too powerful to be concealed, "our duty here is ended; let us depart."


"Why do my brothers mourn?" he said, regarding the dark race of dejected warriors by whom he was environed; "why do my daughters weep? that a young man has gone to the happy hunting-grounds; that a chief has filled his time with honor? He was good; he was dutiful; he was brave. Who can deny it? The Manitou had need of such a warrior, and He has called him away. As for me, the son and the father of Uncas, I am a blazed pine, in a clearing of the pale faces.



If you compare the two passages, you will see that Chingachgook and Munro are able to grieve the loss of their children while maintaining consideration and compassion for those who still look to them for leadership in a difficult time. The demonstration of dignified bereavement testifies to the character and strength of both men.

Is there any personification in &quot;The Tell-Tale Heart&quot;?

Personification is a literary device in which the author attributes human characteristics and features to inanimate objects, ideas, or anima...