Monday 13 March 2017

Differentiate between the Dutch and Spanish policies towards the indigenous tribes?

Spanish and Dutch policies toward native peoples were very different, reflecting fundamental differences in approach toward involvement in the New World in general. The Spanish were interested in empire-building, creating permanent colonies in the New World which could be exploited for wealth. So they conquered most of Central and South America, enslaving many native peoples to work on plantations and especially in mines, where they provided the labor to extract the silver and gold that...

Spanish and Dutch policies toward native peoples were very different, reflecting fundamental differences in approach toward involvement in the New World in general. The Spanish were interested in empire-building, creating permanent colonies in the New World which could be exploited for wealth. So they conquered most of Central and South America, enslaving many native peoples to work on plantations and especially in mines, where they provided the labor to extract the silver and gold that formed the basis of Spanish power in Europe and the New World. Spanish treatment of Natives, especially early on, was brutal. Spanish missionaries also placed a high priority on converting Indian people, a policy which saw the construction of Catholic missions ranging from Argentina to California. 


The Dutch, on the other hand, were also interested in wealth, but they hoped to profit from the beaver trade in the North American Northeast. While they engaged in several wars with Indian peoples, these were not (for the most part) wars of extermination or even conquest, but rather wars to secure control of the trade in peltry. They were not especially concerned about converting Indians to Christianity, and their region of control was basically limited to the region surrounding the Hudson River Valley, though many Dutch settlers sought to expand, provoking conflicts in the process. This is not to idealize the Dutch or their motives, and indeed their presence in the Hudson Valley helped spark a long and bloody conflict between Native peoples. But their treatment of Native peoples was more pragmatic and far less geared toward conquest than that of Spain.

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