Fermentation takes over. The energy-rich molecules you are talking about are glucose molecules, C6H12O6. They are what is normally used for energy production in animal cells. The normal process of energy production is called cellular respiration. Glucose, which is secured from the food we eat by the digestive system, is chemically combined with oxygen from the air we breathe. The glucose is broken apart, releasing free energy, which is stored in molecules of ATP (adenosine...
Fermentation takes over. The energy-rich molecules you are talking about are glucose molecules, C6H12O6. They are what is normally used for energy production in animal cells. The normal process of energy production is called cellular respiration. Glucose, which is secured from the food we eat by the digestive system, is chemically combined with oxygen from the air we breathe. The glucose is broken apart, releasing free energy, which is stored in molecules of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). Carbon dioxide and water vapor are manufactured in the process as waste products.
Sometimes, a person (such as an athlete) can't get enough oxygen in to facilitate cellular respiration. Energy needs do not stop, so a process called fermentation takes over. Fermentation breaks down glucose, to form free energy in the form of ATP. Compared to cellular respiration, fermentation does not produce as much ATP. It is used for emergency situations.
When the glucose supply in cells is exhausted, energy needs do not stop. Stored glucose, usually stored in the liver, is released into the bloodstream, where it is taken directly to the cells. Stored fat is also broken down to supply energy to cells. That is what fat is, stored caloric energy.
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