What does the title "Rules of the Game" mean?

This is a great question.  The title, "Rules of the Game," can be taken in a few different ways. 

First, on one level it deals with the game of chess. Waverly had to learn the rules of the game in order to play.  She learned the rules from her brothers. Then she learned more from Lau Po, who was a more advanced player.  After she learned these rules, she excelled. 

Second, the title can also...

This is a great question.  The title, "Rules of the Game," can be taken in a few different ways. 

First, on one level it deals with the game of chess. Waverly had to learn the rules of the game in order to play.  She learned the rules from her brothers. Then she learned more from Lau Po, who was a more advanced player.  After she learned these rules, she excelled. 

Second, the title can also refer to Waverly's relationship with her mother.  Waverly is growing older, and she wants more independence.  Her mother does not want this. So, conflict ensues.  Within this context, Waverly is learning how far she can push her mother and her mother is also probably feeling things out. 

Third, the idea of rules also applies to the immigrant experience. Mrs. Jong make this point very clear.  She, along with her children, need to learn the rules of American society well enough to survive and thrive.

"This American rules," she concluded at last. "Every time people come out from foreign country, must know rules. You not know, judge say, Too bad, go back. They not telling you why so you can use their way go forward.

Finally, the idea of rules applies to the art of invisible strength, which is defined as a way of winning an argument and respect.  In other words, you have to learn well to have power in society and get ahead.  

How do plant cells differ from animal cells?

There are a number of differences between plant and animal cells, especially with respect to the presence or absence of organelle.

•  Cell wall: is present in plant cell and is absent in animal cells.


• Vacuoles: Plant cells have a large vacuole, while animal cells contain multiple small vacuoles.


• Chloroplasts: Plants cells contain chloroplasts (which contain chlorophyll, essential for the process of photosynthesis by which plants make their own food), while animal cells do not.


• Flagella: is typically absent from plant cells.


• Shape: Plant cells have a more regular shape (generally rectangular), while animal cells have irregular shapes.


• Lysosomes: are generally present in animal cells, while they are absent in plant cells.


• Cilia: animal cells have cilia, while they are generally absent from plant cells.


• Plastids: are present in plant cells and are absent in animal cells.

Hope this helps.

What is one reader reaction during the climax in "After Twenty Years" by O Henry?

Most readers would agree that the climax of "After Twenty Years" evokes pathos and surprise. That is, readers are saddened to learn that Bob has been arrested as a rather significant criminal since his arrest marks the end of a long friendship, and Bob will probably go to prison. And, they are surprised at the ending because it does not fit the usual sentimental endings of O. Henry.

While readers of O. Henry would not...

Most readers would agree that the climax of "After Twenty Years" evokes pathos and surprise. That is, readers are saddened to learn that Bob has been arrested as a rather significant criminal since his arrest marks the end of a long friendship, and Bob will probably go to prison. And, they are surprised at the ending because it does not fit the usual sentimental endings of O. Henry.

While readers of O. Henry would not be surprised by the ironic reversal of the narrative at the climax because such irony is typical of his stories; on the other hand, that Bob is arrested and will be sent to Chicago where he will most likely do time in the state prison would surprise them as this is not the usual romantic ending.

Also, the ending is tragic for Bob and Jimmy, as well, since they sadly realize that their longstanding friendship has ended with disappointment and guilt. Bob experiences this tragic moment as he reads Jimmy's note:

....His hand was steady when he began to read, but it trembled a little by the time he had finished....I saw it was the face of the man wanted in Chicago. Somehow I couldn't do it myself.... 

Earlier, Jimmy has experienced this tragic moment when Bob lit his cigar, revealing his face with the white scar near his right eyebrow, a scar that identified him as "Silky Bob."

Is it true that assets are not shown in single entry bookkeeping making theft from business by employees more likely? If so, how?

Single-entry accounting is much simpler to use, but also much less reliable than double-entry accounting. Single-entry is generally only allowed for small businesses that cannot afford to hire full-time accounting staff.Single-entry accounting basically only keeps track of two things: How much money comes in, and how much money goes out. This makes it very simple to use, but also prone to a number of different errors and distortions.First of all, double-entry accounting has...

Single-entry accounting is much simpler to use, but also much less reliable than double-entry accounting. Single-entry is generally only allowed for small businesses that cannot afford to hire full-time accounting staff.

Single-entry accounting basically only keeps track of two things: How much money comes in, and how much money goes out. This makes it very simple to use, but also prone to a number of different errors and distortions.

First of all, double-entry accounting has a built-in error-correction mechanism: Debits and credits must balance. Single-entry accounting has no such mechanism.

Second, as you correctly note, asset values are not recorded in single-entry accounting. You record what you paid for them, and if you sell them later what you sold them for; but you do not mark their value to market while you own them as you would in double-entry accounting.

I'm not sure it's necessarily true that it is easier to steal from a company that uses single-entry accounting, but it might be, simply because there is no error-correction mechanism. If you forge a few figures on one balance sheet, there is no other balance sheet to check it against, as there would be with double-entry accounting.

Double-entry accounting is by no means a complete solution to fraud, however: A number of corporations (famously Enron) have used fraudulent double-entry accounting to inflate their value and extract wealth for their owners. In fact, most fraud is probably committed under double-entry accounting systems, because most fraud is committed in large corporations and most large corporations are required to use double-entry accounting.

What were three difficulties caused by the Articles of Confederation?

One difficulty was a major fiscal crisis confronting the new nation. Both the states and the national government had enormous debts from the Revolutionary War. The problem was that under the Articles of Confederation, the national government essentially lacked the power to tax. Therefore it could not raise enough money to service the national debt, and could not inspire much confidence among potential creditors among the nations of Europe. 

Another problem was the lack of...

One difficulty was a major fiscal crisis confronting the new nation. Both the states and the national government had enormous debts from the Revolutionary War. The problem was that under the Articles of Confederation, the national government essentially lacked the power to tax. Therefore it could not raise enough money to service the national debt, and could not inspire much confidence among potential creditors among the nations of Europe. 

Another problem was the lack of unity in dealing with foreign affairs. The British were quick to exploit this weakness by maintaining forts on the American frontier in contravention of the Treaty of Paris that had ended the Revolutionary War. Spanish influence among Western settlers was also seen as a problem, and farmers who moved west of the Appalachian worried that they couldn't ship their produce down the Mississippi River, as Spain controlled the city of New Orleans. There was little the national government, which couldn't really raise an army, and which totally lacked diplomatic clout, could do about it.

Finally, in the absence of a central authority with the sole power to regulate interstate commerce, many of the states levied tariffs on each other's goods, a potentially ruinous development. This created enormous animosity between many of the states, and was, in fact, was one of the reasons that the first meetings of state delegates was called at Annapolis, Maryland one year before the Philadelphia Convention. 

Why does Half Arrow watch quietly while the guard binds True Son's arms in Chapter 4 of The Light In The Forest?

In the story, John Butler was only four years old when he was abducted by Delaware Indians. Renamed True Son by his adopted Indian father, Cuyloga, John comes to love and to respect the Indian way of life. So, he is resentful when a new treaty between the Americans and Delaware Indians calls for the return of white captives.

In Chapter 4, all the white captives are on the march back to Fort Pitt in...

In the story, John Butler was only four years old when he was abducted by Delaware Indians. Renamed True Son by his adopted Indian father, Cuyloga, John comes to love and to respect the Indian way of life. So, he is resentful when a new treaty between the Americans and Delaware Indians calls for the return of white captives.

In Chapter 4, all the white captives are on the march back to Fort Pitt in Pennsylvania. True Son is so disheartened at this state of affairs that he tries to get a hold of the poisonous roots of the May apple, thinking that he will be better served by committing suicide. However, he is not successful and must march on to what he thinks is his doom. His cousin and friend, Half Arrow, marches alongside him. Another Indian friend, Little Crane, marches along to be near his white squaw.

When the captives approach the river near to Fort Pitt, the guard orders Half-Arrow to leave, citing safety issues. He warns that Half Arrow's life may be in danger, as they are very near the white settlements. To reiterate his order, he points his rifle at Half Arrow in order to force him out of the marching line. At the guard's directive, True Son is so upset that he lunges at the soldier. Because of his violent action, the guards bind his arms. In the meantime, Half Arrow watches impassively; he does nothing to help True Son but only asks for permission to give True Son some words of wisdom from his Indian father. With the guard's permission, he tells True Son that he must bide his time and move with wisdom if he is to win the war against the white settlers.

It is better to wait for your cause to be ripe like a persimmon on the snow before you fight back, True Son. It is wiser to be willing and be alive than be defiant and be dead so your father and mother and sisters have to mourn you.

True Son realizes that he must bear his disgrace with dignity and wait patiently until a favorable moment presents itself for success. In keeping with the wisdom of waiting until the right moment to rebel, Half Arrow displays little emotion when True Son's arms are bound. He realizes that to fight at such a moment, when he can have no victory, will prove a foolish waste of his time and life.

What is the plot of Machiaevelli's Mandrake?

Published in 1524, the Mandrake is a comedy by Niccolo Machiavelli. The book takes places over a 24-hour period and focuses on Callimaco, a man from Florence who has lived in Paris for 20 years. One day, Callimaco hears a fellow Florentine talking about a beautiful woman called Lucrezia who lives in Tuscany and who he becomes determined to meet. Having returned to his homeland, Callimaco encounters a few problems in his quest to be...

Published in 1524, the Mandrake is a comedy by Niccolo Machiavelli. The book takes places over a 24-hour period and focuses on Callimaco, a man from Florence who has lived in Paris for 20 years. One day, Callimaco hears a fellow Florentine talking about a beautiful woman called Lucrezia who lives in Tuscany and who he becomes determined to meet. Having returned to his homeland, Callimaco encounters a few problems in his quest to be with Lucrezia: she is already married (to an elderly man called Nicia) and is too virtuous to cheat on her husband.

Undeterred, Callimaco enlists the help of Ligurio, a marriage broker who is familiar with Lucrezia and her husband and, more importantly, knows that the couple are desperate to have a son. With this in mind, Callimaco disguises himself as a doctor and tells Nicia that he must drug his wife with a potion made from mandrake root in order for her to fall pregnant, though it will kill the first man that she sleeps with. Callimaco thus suggests that they find a man 'stupid' enough to sleep with Lucrezia. (This is, of course, completely false but all part of Callimaco's plan to be alone with Lucrezia.) After some persuasion from her mother and a friar, Lucrezia sleeps with Callimaco and the pair become lovers.