There are two main groups of flowering plants--monocots and dicots. Grouping organisms into groups makes them easier for scientists to study their relationships and evolution; the monocot/dicot differentiation is one way to group plants. First, the common names for the plants you reference. Gram is another name for chickpeas, also known as garbanzo beans. Gram seeds are dicot. Maize is another term for corn. Maize seeds are monocots.
The most obvious difference between the gram...
There are two main groups of flowering plants--monocots and dicots. Grouping organisms into groups makes them easier for scientists to study their relationships and evolution; the monocot/dicot differentiation is one way to group plants. First, the common names for the plants you reference. Gram is another name for chickpeas, also known as garbanzo beans. Gram seeds are dicot. Maize is another term for corn. Maize seeds are monocots.
The most obvious difference between the gram and maize seeds is the number of embryo leaves, called cotyledons. Mono- means "one," and that is how many embryo leaves monocot maize seeds have. Di- means "two," and that is how many embryo leaves dicot gram seeds have.
Other differences between gram and maize seeds are that monocot maize flowering parts appear in threes up to six; have leaves with parallel veins; and have multiple, adventitious roots, not one main, large tap root. Maize monocots have vascular bundles (tubes that move water and nutrients) scattered throughout their stems, especially at the edges, or periphery.
Dicot gram flowering parts appear in fours or fives or as multiples up to ten; have leaves with veins that branch out from a central vein; and have a large main root called a tap root. Gram dicots have vascular bundles arranged as a ring of vascular spots in the interior of the stem (not scattered).
Finally, dicot gram seeds grow in pods, usually with two or three in each pod, and monocot maize seeds grow on ears, as much as up to 200 kerrnels on each ear.
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